关于向国外送达民事或商事司法文书和司法外文书公约

（1965年11月15日订于海牙）

本公约签字国，

希望为保证诉讼和非诉讼文件及时送达国外收件人创造适当条件，

愿意在司法上相互协助、简化并加快诉讼程序，

决定为此目的制定一项公约，并议定条款如下：

第一条  本公约适用于民商事件向外国送达诉讼或非诉讼文件的所有场合。

本公约不适用于送达文件的收件人地址不明的情况。

第一章   诉讼文件

第二条  每个缔约国应指定一个中央机关负责依照第三至第六条规定，接受来自另一个缔约国送达或通知的请求，并负责送交。

该中央机关应按照其本国法律组成。

第三条  根据请求国法律主管机关或司法官员应向被请求国的中央机关递交一份符合本公约附件格式的请求书。此项请求书无需认证或其他类似手续。

请求书必须附同须送达的诉讼文件或其副本各一式二份。

第四条  如中央机关认为请求不符合本公约规定时，应立即通知请求人，并指出对该请求所持异议的理由。

第五条  被请求国中央机关得自行或由其适当代理机构代行送达文件或通知；或者

（一）根据被请求国法律规定的向在其境内的人送达或通知该国制作的文件的方式；或者

（二）根据请求人要求的特殊方式，但此种方式不得与被请求国的法律相抵触。

除第一款第二项的情况外，文件当然可送达自愿接受的收件人。

如果文件需要按第一款方式送达或通知，中央机关可以要求该文件用被请求国官方文字中的一种文字写成或译成。

按照本公约附件格式而提出的请求书中的摘要部分应交给收件人。

第六条  被请求国中央机关或由被请求国为此目的而指定的任何机关应依照本公约附件格式拟制证明书。

证明书应详述执行请求的情况；指明执行的方式、地点和日期以及接受文件的人。如果请求未经执行，证明书应说明执行受阻的事实。

如证明书并非由中央机关或司法机关作出时，请求人可以要求此类机关之一在证书中签署。

证明书应直接寄给请求人。

第七条  本公约附件格式中所记载的内容必须用法文或英文撰写，也可用请求国的官方文字或其中的一种文字撰写。

此类记载项目的空白应用被请求国文字填写，或者用法文或英文填写。

第八条  每个缔约国都有权不受约束地通过其外交人员或领事将文件送达或通知在国外的人员。

每个国家都可以宣布反对在其境内行使上款规定的权利，除非该文件是向制作文件的国家的本国公民送达或通知。

第九条  此外，每个缔约国有权使用领事途径为送达或通知的目的将文件转交给另一个缔约国指定的机关。

如有特殊情况，每个缔约国有权为同样的目的而使用外交途径。

第十条  除非目的地国提出异议，本公约不妨碍：

（一）有权通过邮局直接将诉讼文件寄给在国外的人；

（二）发文件国的主管司法人员、官员或其他人员有权直接通过目的地国的主管司法人员、官员或其他人员送达和通知诉讼文件；

（三）诉讼上有利害关系的人有权直接通过目的地国的主管司法人员、官员或其他人员直接送达或通知诉讼文件。

第十一条  本公约不妨碍缔约国为送达或通知诉讼文件的目的采取与上述条文规定不同的传递途径，特别是在其各自机关之间的直接传递。

第十二条  对于缔约国的诉讼文件的送达或通知，不必支付或偿还手续费或被请求国的服务费用。

请求国应负责支付或偿还如下情况引起的费用：

（一）司法人员或依照目的地国法律有关主管人员的参与；

（二）特殊送达方式的使用。

第十三条  按照本公约规定送达或通知请求，只有在被请求国认为此项请求的执行将侵犯其主权或影响其安全时，才得被拒绝同意。

被请求国不得仅以根据其国内法对诉讼案件有专属管辖权，或者以其国内法不承认该请求所依据的诉讼主法为理由拒绝送达或通知。

在拒绝时，中央机关应立即通知请求人并说明其理由。

第十四条  为送达或通知诉讼文件的目的在传递过程中出现的困难，应通过外交途径解决。

第十五条  根据本公约规定传票或类似文件已送达或通知国外，而被告尚未到庭时，法院应延缓判决，直到下列情况被确定时为止：

（一）文件根据被请求国关于文件送达或通知在其境内的人的法律规定的方式已被送达或通知，或者

（二）文件根据本公约规定的另一个方式已有效地给被告或送至其居所，而且在上述任何一种情况下，送达、通知或转交是在使被告提出辩护有充分的时间里完成。

每一缔约国有权宣布该国法院可以不顾上款规定，尽管没有收到送达或通知或递交的证明书，如具务下列条件仍得作出判决：

（一）文件已根据本公约的一种方式递交；

（二）文件发出后已超过法院对该案允许的、至少六个月以上的限期；

（三）虽然尽了一切有用的努力，仍得不到被请求国主管机关的证明书时。

本条不妨碍法院在紧急情况下采取一切临时措施或保全措施。

第十六条  当传票或类似文件已根据公约规定递交国外送达或通知，而且对没有出庭的被告作出判决时，如具备下列条件，法院有权恢复被告因上诉期满而丧失的上诉权：

（一）被告本身没有过错而未能及时知悉上述文件得以辩护，或未能及时知悉判决得以上诉；

（二）被告的主张在表面上并不是毫无根据。

被告只有在知悉判决后合理期限内得提出恢复上诉权的申请。

每一缔约国有权声明，如恢复上诉权的申请是在其声明书上表明的日期期满后提出的，将不予受理。但此项期限应自判决宣布之日起不少于一年。

第二章   非诉讼文件

第十七条  一缔约国当局和司法官员作出的非诉讼文件可根据本公约规定的方式和条件在另一个缔约国送达或通知。

第三章   一般规定

第十八条  除中央机关外，每一缔约国还可以指定其他有权处理的机关燕确定其权限的范围。

但请求人始终有权直接向中央机关提出请求。

联邦国家有权指定几个中央机关。

第十九条  本公约不影响缔约国国内法允许采用上述条文规定之外的其他方式在其境内送达或通知来自国外的文件。

第二十条  本公约不阻碍缔约国之间相互协议以免除下列条款的效力：

（一）第三条第二款关于传递的文件需一式两份的规定；

（二）第五条第三款和第七条关于使用文字的规定；

（三）第五条第四款的规定；

（四）第十二条第二款的规定。

第二十一条  每个缔约国应在提交批准或加入书同时或之后通知荷兰外交部：

（一）依照第二条和第十八条规定指定的机关；

（二）依照第六条指定负责作出证明书的主管机关；

（三）根据第九条指定有权接收由领事途径递交的文件的主管机关。

如发生下述情况，缔约国应同样告知荷兰外交部：

（一）对使用第八条和第十条规定的传递途径的异议；

（二）第十五条第二款和第十六条第三款规定的声明；

（三）对上述指定、异议和声明的所有更改。

第二十二条  本公约在批准公约的国家之间取代分别于1905年7月17日和1954年3月1日在海牙签订的关于民事诉讼程序公约的第一条至第七条，如果上述国家也是这些公约之一的缔约国。

第二十三条  本公约不影响1905年7月17日在海牙签订的《关于民事诉讼程序的公约》第二十三条的实施，亦不影响1954年3月1日在海牙签订的这一公约第二十四条的实施。

但是，只有在使用上述公约规定的同样的传递方式时，这些条文才可适用。

第二十四条  1905年和1954年公约当事国间的各个补充协定应认为同样适用于本公约，除非有关国家对此另有相反协议。

第二十五条  本公约在不影响第二十二条和第二十四条的规定的同时，不减损缔约国已签署或将签署的、含有本公约所调整的有关事项规定的其他公约的效力。

第二十六条  本公约对出席海牙国际私法会议第十次会议的国家开放签字。

本公约须经批准；批准书应交存荷兰外交部。

第二十七条  本公约自第三份批准书按照第二十六条第二款的规定交存后第六十天起生效。

对于后来批准的每一签字国，本公约应自该国交存批准书后第六十天起生效。

第二十八条  未出席海牙私法会议第十次会议的所有国家均可在本公约依照第二十七第一款生效以后加入本公约，加入书应交存荷兰外交部。

在荷兰外交部收到加入书并通知这一加入之后六个月内，在此之前已批准本公约的国家没有提出异议时，本公约对该国方能生效。

如果没有任何这样的异议，上款提到的期限届满后下一个月的第一天起，本公约加入国生效。

第二十九条  任何国家得在签署、批准或加入时声明本公约适用于在国际关系上由其负责的整个领土或其中的一处或数处领土，这一声明在本公约对该国生效之日起有效。

随后，此种性质的任何扩展均应通知荷兰外交部。

本公约对于扩展到的领土，自上款规定通知提出后第六十天起生效。

第三十条  本公约依照第二十七条第一款的规定自生效之日起有效期为五年，即使对后来批准或加入的国家也同。

如果未经废止声明，本公约每五年自动更新有效一次。

废止公约的声明至少在五年期满六个月前通知荷兰外交部

废止公约的声明可限于实施公约的某些领土。

声明只对提出废止公约的国家有效，本公约对其他缔约国仍应存续在效。

第三十一条  荷兰外交部应将下列事项通知第二十六条述及的国家以及依照第二十八条规定加入的国家：

（一）第二十六条述及的签字和批准；

（二）依照第二十七条第一款规定本公约的生效日期；

（三）第二十八条述及的加入及其生效日期；

（四）第二十九条述及的扩展及其生效日期；

（五）第二十一条述及的指定、异议和声明；

（六）第三十条第三款述及的废止公约的声明；

下列经正式授权的代表在本公约上签署，以资证明。

本公约于1965年11月15日在海牙签订，用法文和英文写成，两种文本具有同等效力。正本仅此一份，将存放在荷兰政府档案库，与原文核证无误的副本通过外交途径送交第一个参加海牙国际私法会议第十次会议的国家一份。

本公约于1965年11月15日在海牙签订，1969年2月10日生效。截至1995年12月，共有成员国35个。中国已于1991年5月6日加入该公约，公约于1992年1月1日对中国生效。公约的其他成员国有：芬兰、德国、荷兰、美国、以色列、英国、比利时、阿拉伯共和国、法国、土耳其、挪威、丹麦、瑞典、日本、葡萄牙、卢森堡、西班牙、意大利、希腊、瑞士、爱尔兰、瑞典、博茨瓦纳、巴巴多斯、马拉维、塞舌尔、捷克共和国、斯洛伐克共和国、塞浦路斯、加拿大、巴基斯坦、委内瑞拉、拉托维亚、安提瓜和巴布达等。

CONVENTION ON THE SERVICE ABROADOF JUDICIAL AND EXTRAJUDICIAL DOCUMENTS IN CIVIL OR COMMERCIAL MATTERS

(Concluded November 15, 1965)  

The States signatory to the present Convention,

Desiring to create appropriate means to ensure that judicial and extrajudicial documents to be served abroad shall be brought to the notice of the addressee in sufficient time,

Desiring to improve the organisation of mutual judicial assistance for that purpose by simplifying and expediting the procedure,

Have resolved to conclude a Convention to this effect and have agreed upon the following provisions:

Article 1

The present Convention shall apply in all cases, in civil or commercial matters, where there is occasion to transmit a judicial or extrajudicial document for service abroad.

This Convention shall not apply where the address of the person to be served with the document is not known.

CHAPTER I – JUDICIAL DOCUMENTS

Article 2

Each Contracting State shall designate a Central Authority which will undertake to receive requests for service coming from other Contracting States and to proceed in conformity with the provisions of Articles 3 to 6.

Each State shall organise the Central Authority in conformity with its own law.

Article 3

The authority or judicial officer competent under the law of the State in which the documents originate shall forward to the Central Authority of the State addressed a request conforming to the model annexed to the present Convention, without any requirement of legalisation or other equivalent formality.

The document to be served or a copy thereof shall be annexed to the request. The request and the document shall both be furnished in duplicate.

Article 4

If the Central Authority considers that the request does not comply with the provisions of the present Convention it shall promptly inform the applicant and specify its objections to the request.

Article 5

The Central Authority of the State addressed shall itself serve the document or shall arrange to have it served by an appropriate agency, either –

a) by a method prescribed by its internal law for the service of documents in domestic actions upon persons who are within its territory, or

b) by a particular method requested by the applicant, unless such a method is incompatible with the law of the State addressed.

Subject to sub-paragraph (b) of the first paragraph of this Article, the document may always be served by delivery to an addressee who accepts it voluntarily.

If the document is to be served under the first paragraph above, the Central Authority may require the document to be written in, or translated into, the official language or one of the official languages of the State addressed.

That part of the request, in the form attached to the present Convention, which contains a summary of the document to be served, shall be served with the document.

Article 6

The Central Authority of the State addressed or any authority which it may have designated for that purpose, shall complete a certificate in the form of the model annexed to the present Convention.

The certificate shall state that the document has been served and shall include the method, the place and the date of service and the person to whom the document was delivered. If the document has not been served, the certificate shall set out the reasons which have prevented service.

The applicant may require that a certificate not completed by a Central Authority or by a judicial authority shall be countersigned by one of these authorities.

The certificate shall be forwarded directly to the applicant.

Article 7

The standard terms in the model annexed to the present Convention shall in all cases be written either in French or in English. They may also be written in the official language, or in one of the official languages, of the State in which the documents originate.

The corresponding blanks shall be completed either in the language of the State addressed or in French or in English.

Article 8

Each Contracting State shall be free to effect service of judicial documents upon persons abroad, without application of any compulsion, directly through its diplomatic or consular agents.

Any State may declare that it is opposed to such service within its territory, unless the document is to be served upon a national of the State in which the documents originate.

Article 9

Each Contracting State shall be free, in addition, to use consular channels to forward documents, for the purpose of service, to those authorities of another Contracting State which are designated by the latter for this purpose.

Each Contracting State may, if exceptional circumstances so require, use diplomatic channels for the same purpose.

Article 10

Provided the State of destination does not object, the present Convention shall not interfere with –

a) the freedom to send judicial documents, by postal channels, directly to persons abroad,

b) the freedom of judicial officers, officials or other competent persons of the State of origin to effect service of judicial documents directly through the judicial officers, officials or other competent persons of the State of destination,

c) the freedom of any person interested in a judicial proceeding to effect service of judicial documents directly through the judicial officers, officials or other competent persons of the State of destination.

Article 11

The present Convention shall not prevent two or more Contracting States from agreeing to permit, for the purpose of service of judicial documents, channels of transmission other than those provided for in the preceding Articles and, in particular, direct communication between their respective authorities.

Article 12

The service of judicial documents coming from a Contracting State shall not give rise to any payment or reimbursement of taxes or costs for the services rendered by the State addressed.

The applicant shall pay or reimburse the costs occasioned by-

a) the employment of a judicial officer or of a person competent under the law of the State of destination,

b) the use of a particular method of service.

Article 13

Where a request for service complies with the terms of the present Convention, the State addressed may refuse to comply therewith only if it deems that compliance would infringe its sovereignty or security.

It may not refuse to comply solely on the ground that, under its internal law, it claims exclusive jurisdiction over the subject-matter of the action or that its internal law would not permit the action upon which the application is based.

The Central Authority shall, in case of refusal, promptly inform the applicant and state the reasons for the refusal.

Article 14

Difficulties which may arise in connection with the transmission of judicial documents for service shall be settled through diplomatic channels.

Article 15

Where a writ of summons or an equivalent document had to be transmitted abroad for the purpose of service, under the provisions of the present Convention, and the defendant has not appeared, judgment shall not be given until it is established that

a) the document was served by a method prescribed by the internal law of the State addressed for the service of documents in domestic actions upon persons who are within its territory, or

b) the document was actually delivered to the defendant or to his residence by another method provided for by this Convention,

and that in either of these cases the service or the delivery was effected in sufficient time to enable the defendant to defend.

Each Contracting State shall be free to declare that the judge, notwithstanding the provisions of the first paragraph of this Article, may give judgment even if no certificate of service or delivery has been received, if all the following conditions are fulfilled-

a) the document was transmitted by one of the methods provided for in this Convention,

b) a period of time of not less than six months, considered adequate by the judge in the particular case, has elapsed since the date of the transmission of the document,

c) no certificate of any kind has been received, even though every reasonable effort has been made to obtain it through the competent authorities of the State addressed.

Notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding paragraphs the judge may order, in case of urgency, any provisional or protective measures.

Article 16

When a writ of summons or an equivalent document had to be transmitted abroad for the purpose of service, under the provisions of the present Convention, and a judgment has been entered against a defendant who has not appeared, the judge shall have the power to relieve the defendant from the effects of the expiration of the time for appeal from the judgment if the following conditions are fulfilled –

a) the defendant, without any fault on his part, did not have knowledge of the document in sufficient time to defend, or knowledge of the judgment in sufficient time to appeal, and

b) the defendant has disclosed a prima facie defence to the action on the merits.

An application for relief may be filed only within a reasonable time after the defendant has knowledge of the judgment.

Each Contracting State may declare that the application will not be entertained if it is filed after the expiration of a time to be stated in the declaration, but which shall in no case be less than one year following the date of the judgment.

This Article shall not apply to judgments concerning status or capacity of persons.

CHAPTER II – EXTRAJUDICIAL DOCUMENTS

Article 17

Extrajudicial documents emanating from authorities and judicial officers of a Contracting State may be transmitted for the purpose of service in another Contracting State by the methods and under the provisions of the present Convention.

CHAPTER III – GENERAL CLAUSES

Article 18

Each Contracting State may designate other authorities in addition to the Central Authority and shall determine the extent of their competence.

The applicant shall, however, in all cases, have the right to address a request directly to the Central Authority.

Federal States shall be free to designate more than one Central Authority.

Article 19

To the extent that the internal law of a Contracting State permits methods of transmission, other than those provided for in the preceding Articles, of documents coming from abroad, for service within its territory, the present Convention shall not affect such provisions.

Article 20

The present Convention shall not prevent an agreement between any two or more Contracting States to dispense with –

a) the necessity for duplicate copies of transmitted documents as required by the second paragraph of Article 3,

b) the language requirements of the third paragraph of Article 5 and Article 7,

c) the provisions of the fourth paragraph of Article 5,

d) the provisions of the second paragraph of Article 12.

Article 21

Each Contracting State shall, at the time of the deposit of its instrument of ratification or accession, or at a later date, inform the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands of the following –

a) the designation of authorities, pursuant to Articles 2 and 18,

b) the designation of the authority competent to complete the certificate pursuant to Article 6,

c) the designation of the authority competent to receive documents transmitted by consular channels, pursuant to Article 9.

Each Contracting State shall similarly inform the Ministry, where appropriate, of –

a) opposition to the use of methods of transmission pursuant to Articles 8 and 10,

b) declarations pursuant to the second paragraph of Article 15 and the third paragraph of Article 16,

c) all modifications of the above designations, oppositions and declarations.

Article 22

Where Parties to the present Convention are also Parties to one or both of the Conventions on civil procedure signed at The Hague on 17th July 1905, and on 1st March 1954, this Convention shall replace as between them Articles 1 to 7 of the earlier Conventions.

Article 23

The present Convention shall not affect the application of Article 23 of the Convention on civil procedure signed at The Hague on 17th July 1905, or of Article 24 of the Convention on civil procedure signed at The Hague on 1st March 1954.

These Articles shall, however, apply only if methods of communication, identical to those provided for in these Conventions, are used.

Article 24

Supplementary agreements between Parties to the Conventions of 1905 and 1954 shall be considered as equally applicable to the present Convention, unless the Parties have otherwise agreed.

Article 25

Without prejudice to the provisions of Articles 22 and 24, the present Convention shall not derogate from Conventions containing provisions on the matters governed by this Convention to which the Contracting States are, or shall become, Parties.

Article 26

The present Convention shall be open for signature by the States represented at the Tenth Session of the Hague Conference on Private International Law.

It shall be ratified, and the instruments of ratification shall be deposited with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands.

Article 27

The present Convention shall enter into force on the sixtieth day after the deposit of the third instrument of ratification referred to in the second paragraph of Article 26.

The Convention shall enter into force for each signatory State which ratifies subsequently on the sixtieth day after the deposit of its instrument of ratification.

Article 28

Any State not represented at the Tenth Session of the Hague Conference on Private International Law may accede to the present Convention after it has entered into force in accordance with the first paragraph of Article 27. The instrument of accession shall be deposited with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands.

The Convention shall enter into force for such a State in the absence of any objection from a State, which has ratified the Convention before such deposit, notified to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands within a period of six months after the date on which the said Ministry has notified it of such accession.

In the absence of any such objection, the Convention shall enter into force for the acceding State on the first day of the month following the expiration of the last of the periods referred to in the preceding paragraph.

Article 29

Any State may, at the time of signature, ratification or accession, declare that the present Convention shall extend to all the territories for the international relations of which it is responsible, or to one or more of them. Such a declaration shall take effect on the date of entry into force of the Convention for the State concerned.

At any time thereafter, such extensions shall be notified to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands.

The Convention shall enter into force for the territories mentioned in such an extension on the sixtieth day after the notification referred to in the preceding paragraph.

Article 30

The present Convention shall remain in force for five years from the date of its entry into force in accordance with the first paragraph of Article 27, even for States which have ratified it or acceded to it subsequently.

If there has been no denunciation, it shall be renewed tacitly every five years.

Any denunciation shall be notified to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands at least six months before the end of the five year period.

It may be limited to certain of the territories to which the Convention applies.

The denunciation shall have effect only as regards the State which has notified it. The Convention shall remain in force for the other Contracting States.

Article 31

The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands shall give notice to the States referred to in Article 26, and to the States which have acceded in accordance with Article 28, of the following –

a) the signatures and ratifications referred to in Article 26;

b) the date on which the present Convention enters into force in accordance with the first paragraph of Article 27;

c) the accessions referred to in Article 28 and the dates on which they take effect;

d) the extensions referred to in Article 29 and the dates on which they take effect;

e) the designations, oppositions and declarations referred to in Article 21;

f) the denunciations referred to in the third paragraph of Article 30.

In witness whereof the undersigned, being duly authorised thereto, have signed the present Convention.

Done at The Hague, on the 15th day of November, 1965, in the English and French languages, both texts being equally authentic, in a single copy which shall be deposited in the archives of the Government of the Netherlands, and of which a certified copy shall be sent, through the diplomatic channel, to each of the States represented at the Tenth Session of the Hague Conference on Private International Law.